European+Competition+in+North+America

**__ //Section 2//: European Competition in North America __**
By: Scott Christy, Daniel Cancelmo, Nick Kaye, Anna Pedraza, James Carter




 * Guided Questions:**
 * 1) What was the northwest passage?
 * 2) Why did Spain and England clash in this time period? What were the daring sailors, from England, in this time called? What was the name of the most famous of these men? What did he do?
 * 3) The English victory over Spain had two important effects. What were they?
 * 4) In the early 1600's what two nations founded new colonies in North America? What were these colonies called? Where were they located?
 * Answers:**
 * 1) The Northwest passage was a water route going through North America through to Asia.
 * 2) Spain and England clashed in this time period because England made claims to parts of North America. These conflicts also stemmed from religious differences and national power. The name for the daring British sailors that attacked the bulky Spanish ships, Galleons, in the war using smaller, speedier ships were "Sea Dogs". One of the most famous of these "Sea Dogs" was Sir Francis Drake, he raided Spanish ports and ships in South America. He stole many treasures from them. He also was the first Englishmen to sail around the world.
 * 3) The two important effects were, that England had shown that it could now defend itself, and that the world saw that Spain could be beaten, other nations now challenged Spain as well.
 * 4) In the early 1600's France and the Netherlands founded new colonies in North America. The French founded colonies such as New France. It was located in present day Quebec. The Dutch founded colonies such as New Netherland, New Amsterdam, and Fort Nassua. New Netherland was located along the Hudson River, in present day New York. New Amsterdam was located on present day Manhattan Island, on the site of New York City today. Fort Nassua was located near the site of Albany.
 * Terms/people to know:**
 * 1) Henry Hudson- an Englishman who tried to find a route to China under the Dutch flag
 * 2) John Cabot- an Italian who charted a northern route across the Atlantic in search of Asia
 * 3) Giovanni da Verrazzano- san Italian who set out to find the northwestern passage for the French
 * 4) Jacques Cartier- he traveled up the St. Lawrence River to the site of present day Montreal for the French
 * 5) Spanish Armada- a fleet of ships sent out by King Philip II of Spain to conquer England and restore Catholicism to the nation, they failed the attempt
 * 6) Samuel de Champlain- a Frenchman who explored the St. Lawrence River and founded a fur-trading post at Quebec in 1608
 * 7) New France- the colony that Samuel de Champlain founded
 * 8) Sea Dogs- daring, English sailors that attacked bulky Spanish ships that brought gold and silver fromthe Americas